What are the methods for preparing fiberglass?

Tank kiln drawing method
The tank kiln drawing method is the main method for fiberglass production at present. This method melts the glass raw materials into glass liquid in a high-temperature furnace, and then draws the glass liquid into filaments through a porous leak plate. The tank kiln drawing method has the advantages of high production efficiency, stable product quality and low cost, and is the main fiberglass preparation technology in my country.
Raw material preparation
The main raw materials of fiberglass include pyrophyllite, rare earth, quartz sand, limestone, dolomite, boraxite, and so on. These raw materials need to be strictly screened and processed to ensure their purity and quality.
Melting process
After the raw materials are mixed in a certain proportion, they are added to the furnace for melting. The temperature of the furnace is generally between 1500℃-1600℃, and continuous stirring is required during the melting process to ensure the uniformity of the glass liquid.
Drawing process
The drawing process is a crucial step in the production of fiberglass, which directly affects the physical properties, mechanical properties and production efficiency of the final fiber. After the glass liquid flows out of the furnace, it is drawn into filaments through a porous leak plate. The aperture and number of holes of the leak plate are selected according to the required diameter and output of the fiberglass. During the drawing process, parameters such as temperature and speed need to be controlled to ensure the quality of the fiberglass. The change in speed during the treatment process has the greatest impact on the length of the glass fiber, followed by the mass fraction of the slurry and the treatment time, and the degree of influence of the two is relatively close.
Twisting process
The twisting process in fiberglass production will directly affect the mechanical properties and process stability of the final fiber product. Among them, the raw silk is processed by the primary twisting machine, and the single-strand low-twist characteristics need to be achieved for the subsequent weaving process. Then, the parameters of the primary twisting machine need to be accurately controlled, including twist, tension, winding speed, etc., to ensure that the obtained finished yarn has the required low-twist characteristics.
Crucible drawing method
The crucible drawing method is a traditional method for preparing fiberglass. This method puts the glass raw material into a crucible, melts it into glass liquid at high temperature, and then draws the glass liquid into filaments by manual drawing or mechanical drawing. The crucible drawing method has the advantages of simple equipment and low investment, but the production efficiency is low and the product quality is unstable, and it has been basically eliminated by large fiberglass manufacturers.
Raw material preparation
Similar to the pool kiln drawing method, the raw materials of the crucible drawing method also need to be strictly screened and processed. It is necessary to mix pyrophyllite, quartz sand, limestone, colemanite, soda ash and other mineral raw materials in a certain proportion to prepare a batch material.