What are the types of fiberglass?

E-glass

 

Composition: Calcium aluminosilicate glass with low alkali metal oxide content (generally less than 1%), also known as alkali-free glass.

Properties: High resistivity.

 

Applications: The most common component of fiberglass, widely used in general composite materials and most electrical applications.

 

C-glass

 

Composition: Sodium-calcium borosilicate glass.

 

Properties: High chemical stability; much less weight loss when in contact with acid solutions than E-glass, but less resistant to sodium carbonate solutions.

 

Applications: Suitable for applications requiring high chemical stability.

 

E-CR glass

 

Composition: Boron-free, no fluorides added, with added ZnO and TiO₂.

 

Properties: High corrosion resistance, good long-term acid resistance and short-term alkali resistance, strength comparable to E-glass, superior elastic modulus and heat resistance, low forming temperature.

 

Applications: Can be used in composite materials requiring high corrosion resistance, etc.

 

Advantex Glass

 

Composition: Boron-free, fluoride-free.

 

Properties: Combines the electrical and mechanical properties of E-glass with the corrosion resistance of E-CR glass.

 

Applications: Complies with ASTM D578 and ISO 2078 standards, and can be used as either E-CR or E-glass, suitable for various applications requiring high electrical, mechanical, and corrosion resistance.

 

S-glass

 

Composition: Magnesium aluminosilicate glass.

 

Properties: New-type fiber strength is more than 25% higher than E-glass fiber; high modulus, impact resistance, high temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, and good radar wave transmission.

 

Applications: Used in composite materials and other applications requiring high strength, modulus, and impact resistance.

 

S-2 Glass

 

Composition: Same as S-glass.

 

Properties: Unique properties due to different impregnating agents.

 

Applications: Currently exclusively manufactured and sold by AGY Corporation (USA), suitable for applications similar to S-glass.

 

R-glass

 

Composition: Calcium aluminosilicate glass.

 

Properties: High strength, high modulus; good fatigue resistance and aging resistance in humid, high-temperature, and chemical environments.

 

Applications: Suitable for composite materials and other applications requiring high strength, modulus, and environmental resistance.

 

T-glass

 

Composition: Magnesium aluminosilicate glass.

 

Properties: High strength, high modulus, low thermal expansion.

 

Applications: Developed by Nitto Boshoku Co., Ltd. of Japan; suitable for specific fields requiring these properties.

 

M-glass

 

Composition: Specific composition not specified, but high elastic modulus is emphasized.

 

Properties: Elastic modulus is more than 25% higher than E-glass.

 

Applications: Suitable for composite materials and other applications requiring high elastic modulus.

 

D-glass

 

Composition: High B₂O₃ content (20%–26%).

 

Properties: Lower dielectric constant and dielectric loss than E-glass.

 

Applications: Suitable for manufacturing radar radomes, electromagnetic windows, high-performance printed circuit boards, and other products requiring low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss.

 

NE Glass (NE-glass)

 

Composition: Specific composition is not specified, but low dielectric properties are emphasized.

 

Properties: Dielectric constant ε (1MHz) is 4.6 (E glass is 6.6), loss factor tanδ (1MHz) is 0.0007 (E glass is 0.0012).

 

Applications: Developed by Nitto Boshoku Co., Ltd. for printed circuit boards, it can be used for printed circuit boards with high requirements for low dielectric properties.

 

AR Glass (AR-glass)

 

Composition: Contains zirconium oxide.

 

Properties: Resistant to long-term corrosion by alkaline substances.

 

Applications: Primarily used for cement reinforcement.

 

A Glass (A-glass)

 

Composition: Soda-lime glass.

 

Properties: Highly alkaline.

 

Applications: Can be used to manufacture glass fiber mats, glass wool, etc.

 

High silica fiber

 

Composition: Contains 96% SiO₂, amorphous.

 

Properties: Suitable for applications requiring temperatures up to 1040℃.

 

Applications: Obtained from borosilicate glass fiber through acid impregnation and filtration; suitable for high-temperature environments.

 

Pure silica fiber

 

Composition: Contains 99% SiO₂.

 

Properties: Suitable for wire insulation at temperatures up to 1090℃.

 

Applications: Obtained from water glass solution through dry spinning; primarily used in yarn form.

 

Quartz fiber

 

Composition: Ultra-pure silica fiber containing 99.99% SiO₂. The purest commercial quartz fiber (containing 99.999% SiO₂) is obtained from reagent-grade tetraethyl orthosilicate through dry spinning.

 

Properties: Possesses both excellent high-temperature resistance and excellent UV and long-wave radiation transmittance.

 

Applications: It can be used as ablation-resistant materials, structural materials, electrical insulation materials, wave-transparent materials, heat insulation materials, protective materials, etc. All quartz fibers can be used in the form of yarn, fabric and composite materials.