What are the main characteristics and development trends of fiberglass composites?
Fiberglass composite materials refer to new materials that are processed and formed by using fiberglass as reinforcement and other composite materials as matrix. Due to the characteristics of fiberglass composite materials themselves, they have been widely used in various fields. This article analyzes some characteristics of fiberglass composite materials and gives some trends and suggestions for their development, which can serve as a reference for better understanding and research of fiberglass composite materials.
Main characteristics of fiberglass composite materials:
1. Excellent mechanical properties. The tensile strength of fiberglass composite materials is lower than that of steel, higher than that of ductile iron and concrete, and the specific strength is about 3 times that of steel and 10 times that of ductile iron.
2. Good corrosion resistance. Through reasonable raw material selection and scientific thickness design, fiberglass composite materials can be used for a long time in organic solvent environments such as acid, alkali, and salt.
3. Good thermal insulation performance. fiberglass composite materials have the characteristics of low thermal conductivity and are excellent thermal insulation materials. Therefore, under the condition of small temperature difference, no special insulation is required to achieve good thermal insulation effect.
4. Small thermal expansion coefficient. Due to the small thermal expansion coefficient of fiberglass composite materials, they can be used normally under various harsh conditions such as the surface, underground, seabed, high cold, and desert.
5. Excellent electrical insulation. It can be used to make insulators. It can still maintain good dielectric properties at high frequencies. It has good microwave transmittance and is suitable for use in power transmission and minefields.
The development trends of fiberglass composite materials are as follows:
1. At present, high-performance fiberglass has great development potential, especially high-silica fiberglass has great advantages. There are two development trends for high-performance fiberglass: one is to focus on higher performance, and the other is to focus on the industrialization technology research of high-performance fiberglass, and strive to improve the process performance of high-performance fiberglass, while reducing costs and reducing pollution.
2. There are some shortcomings in material preparation: the preparation of some high-performance fiberglass still has problems such as glass crystallization, high raw fiber density, and high cost. At the same time, it cannot meet the requirements of strength in some special uses. When thermosetting resin is used as the matrix, the prepared composite material has the problem of difficulty in secondary processing and recycling. It can only be processed by cutting, and recycling can only be carried out by special chemical solvents and strong oxidants. The effect is not ideal. Although degradable thermosetting resins have been developed, the cost problem still needs to be controlled.
3. In the synthesis process of fiberglass, new fiberglass composite materials are prepared with the help of various synthesis technologies. In recent years, in order to meet the needs under various special conditions, various surface technologies have been developed to perform special modification on the surface of fiberglass. Surface modification is a new trend in the development of fiberglass composite material preparation technology in the future.
4. In the future, global market demand, especially the demand in emerging market countries, will continue to maintain a high growth rate, and the advantages of industry leaders will become more obvious. For example, China's fiberglass companies represented by Jushi Group will play a leading and leading role in the global fiberglass industry in the future. Fiberglass composite materials have become one of the main raw materials for the automotive industry. Fiberglass thermoplastic materials have a growing application trend due to their good economy and good recyclability. At present, the widely used fiberglass thermoplastic reinforced materials include instrument panel brackets, front brackets, bumpers and engine peripheral components, covering most of the parts and sub-structures of the whole vehicle.
5. Small and medium-sized enterprises other than several major glass fiber production bases account for 35% of my country's fiberglass industry output. Most of them have a single variety, weak technology, and more than 90% of the total number of employees. They have limited resources and poor management of business risks. They are the focus and difficulty of the industry's strategic transformation. We should actively support and guide small and medium-sized enterprises to take the path of coordinated development, and achieve the goal of development by forming small and medium-sized enterprise groups and strengthening cooperation and competition with the outside world. With the mutual penetration of the economy, the competition between enterprises is no longer a single fight, but is manifested as collaboration and alliance.
